Practise 17 real Federal Board questions on Biotechnology from 2023 to 2026. See the answer and explanation as soon as you answer.
Biotechnology is one of the 15 main chapters in our Federal Board Matric Biology question bank (10th class), and about 4% of its real questions come from it. Tayyari Karo has 17 real questions on this chapter from 2023 to 2026; 5 are multiple choice and marked instantly, and the rest are short and long questions with a model answer. By difficulty: 16 medium, 1 easy.
Work through the questions below, then open the explanation for each one. Redo the ones you missed a few days later.
These are real past-paper questions. Think of your answer first, then open the explanation.
Which microorganism is commonly used to produce human insulin biotechnologically?
Answer: C. Bacteria
Genetically engineered bacteria (e.g. E. coli) are commonly used to produce human insulin.
In genetic engineering ________ enzyme is used to cut DNA into pieces.
Answer: B. Endonuclease
Restriction endonucleases cut DNA at specific sequences, producing fragments for genetic engineering.
Which of the following is a product of fermentation?
Answer: A. Yogurt
Yogurt is produced by lactic acid fermentation of milk by bacteria.
Which enzyme is used to join gene of interest with vector DNA?
Answer: A. Ligase
DNA ligase seals/joins the gene of interest to the cut vector DNA to form recombinant DNA.
Which one of the given enzymes is used to seal/paste the desired gene with DNA of vector?
Answer: B. Ligase
DNA ligase joins (seals) the gene of interest to the cut vector DNA to form recombinant DNA.
What is meant by food biotechnology? Also name one genetically modified crop grown in Pakistan.
Food biotechnology is the application of biological techniques (including genetic engineering, fermentation, and tissue culture) to produce, improve, or preserve food products — such as producing genetically modified crops with better yield/pest resistance, or using microorganisms to make yogurt, cheese and bread.
Example grown in Pakistan: Bt cotton (genetically modified to resist bollworm pests).
Describe the process of fermentation in fermenters.
In industrial fermenters, a pure culture of a suitable microorganism (e.g. yeast or bacteria) is introduced into a large sterile tank containing a nutrient-rich growth medium (substrate, e.g. molasses). Conditions such as temperature, pH, oxygen supply and stirring are carefully controlled and monitored to give optimum microbial growth. The microorganisms metabolise the substrate (fermentation, often anaerobic) to produce the desired product (e.g. ethanol, antibiotics, enzymes), which is then extracted and purified from the fermenter contents.
What is genetic engineering? How is it used in agriculture and medicine?
Genetic engineering is the direct manipulation of an organism's DNA — isolating a desired gene, inserting it into a vector, and transferring it into a host organism — to give that organism new characteristics it would not naturally have.
In agriculture: used to develop pest-resistant (Bt) crops that produce their own natural insecticide, herbicide-tolerant crops, disease-resistant varieties, and crops with improved nutritional value (e.g. Golden Rice with added vitamin A precursor) — increasing yield and reducing losses. …
The full model answer is in the app.
| Session | Questions |
|---|---|
| 2026 Annual | 4 |
| 2025 1st Annual | 5 |
| 2025 2nd Annual | 3 |
| 2024 Annual | 3 |
| 2023 Annual | 2 |
17 real Federal Board (FBISE) Biology questions on Biotechnology from 2023 to 2026, for 10th class. Each one shows the session it came from.
No. We could not find an official FBISE marking scheme for these papers, so the answers and explanations are written by Tayyari Karo for practice. Check anything important with your teacher or textbook.
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